Spring MVC Annotation验证的方法

简介说明

使用Spring MVC的Annotation验证可以直接对view model的简单数据验证，注意，这里是简单的，如果model的数据验证需要有一些比较复杂的业务逻辑性在里头，只是使用annotation做验证是比较难的。

以下是使用Spring MVC自带的annotation验证，加上自定义的一个@Tel的annotation验证例子，此例子具有：

1、支持多语言（国际化）

2、对默认数据先进行转化，比如int、date类型如果传入空值时，会抛异常，默认给定值

先看配置：

1、web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
  http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  <display-name>Test Spring MVC - 1</display-name>
  
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value></param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

这里没什么好说的，只是把spring.xml配置加入到contextConfigLocation中

2、spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
  xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

  <!--注解说明 -->
  <context:annotation-config />
  
  <!-- 默认的注解映射的支持 -->
  <mvc:annotation-driven validator="validator" conversion-service="conversionService" />
  
  <!-- 把标记了@Controller注解的类转换为bean -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.my" />
  
  <!-- 视图解释类 -->
  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/><!--可为空,方便实现自已的依据扩展名来选择视图解释类的逻辑 -->
    <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
  </bean>
  
  <!-- 资源文件：messages.properties -->
  <bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
    <property name="basenames">
      <list>
        <value>messages</value>
      </list>
    </property>
  </bean>
  <!-- 验证器 -->
  <bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean">
    <property name="validationMessageSource" ref="messageSource"/>
  </bean>
  
  <!-- 自定义数据类型转换器 -->
  <bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
    <property name="converters">
      <list>
        <bean class="com.my.controller.converter.IntConverter" />
        <bean class="com.my.controller.converter.DateConverter" />
      </list>
    </property>
  </bean>  
</beans>

在<mvc:annotation-driven/>中加入conversion-service，然后在conversion-service中加入系统默认的转换器，如上有IntConverter和DateConverter，当然，也可以是自定的别的类型，这是全局的。

在validator验证器中加入了支持多语言的properties，当然，spring的多语言是基于http header的accept-language。

3、Controller

package com.my.controller;
import java.util.List;
import javax.validation.Valid;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.my.controller.bean.User4;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="av")
public class TestAnnotationValidController {

  @RequestMapping
  public ModelAndView index() {
    ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView("/TestAnnotationValid/index","user4",new User4());
    return view;
  }
  
  @RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
  public ModelAndView add(@ModelAttribute @Valid User4 user,BindingResult result) {
    ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView("/TestAnnotationValid/index");
    view.addObject("user4",user);
    
    if(result.hasErrors()) {
      List<FieldError> errors = result.getFieldErrors();
      for(FieldError err : errors) {
        System.out.println("ObjectName:" + err.getObjectName() + "tFieldName:" + err.getField()
            + "tFieldValue:" + err.getRejectedValue() + "tMessage:" + err.getDefaultMessage() + "tCode:");
      }
    }
    
    return view;
  }  
}

这是一个简单的controller，在add中，有一个@Valid的annotation，这是必需的，不加这个，annotation验证将不起作用

4、User4.java model实体类

package com.my.controller.bean;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.validation.constraints.Max;
import javax.validation.constraints.Min;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Past;
import javax.validation.constraints.Pattern;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Length;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotBlank;
public class User4 {
  
  private long id;
  
  @NotBlank(message="{valid.name}")
  private String name;
  
  @Length(min=4,max=20,message="{valid.password}")
  private String password;
  
  @NotBlank(message="{valid.required}")
  @Email(message="{valid.email}")
  private String email;
  
  @NotNull(message="{valid.required}")
  private boolean married;
  
  @Min(value=18,message="{valid.ageMin}")
  @Max(value=100,message="{valid.ageMax}")
  private int age;
  
  @NotNull(message="{valid.required}")
  @Past(message="{valid.birthday}")
  private Date birthday;
  
  @Pattern(regexp="^[a-zA-Z]{2,}$",message="{valid.address}")
  private String address;
  
  @Size(min=1,message="{valid.likesMin}")
  private String[] likes;
  
  @com.my.controller.validator.Tel(message="{valid.tel}",min=3)
  private String tel;
  
  public long getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(long id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
  public String getPassword() {
    return password;
  }
  public void setPassword(String password) {
    this.password = password;
  }
  public String getEmail() {
    return email;
  }
  public void setEmail(String email) {
    this.email = email;
  }
  public boolean isMarried() {
    return married;
  }
  public void setMarried(boolean married) {
    this.married = married;
  }
  public int getAge() {
    return age;
  }
  public void setAge(int age) {
    this.age = age;
  }
  public Date getBirthday() {
    return birthday;
  }
  public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
    this.birthday = birthday;
  }
  public String getAddress() {
    return address;
  }
  public void setAddress(String address) {
    this.address = address;
  }
  public String[] getLikes() {
    return likes;
  }
  public void setLikes(String[] likes) {
    this.likes = likes;
  }
  public String getTel() {
    return tel;
  }
  public void setTel(String tel) {
    this.tel = tel;
  }
}

除了@Tel之外，其它都是spring自带的annotation，当然还有别的，自行搜索下 

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