深入理解Python中字典的键的使用
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字典的键 字典中的值没有任何限制, 可以是任意Python对象,即从标准对象到用户自定义对象皆可,但是字典中的键是有类型限制的。
>>> dict1 = {'foo':789,'foo': 'xyz'}
>>> dict1
{'foo': 'xyz'}
>>> dict1['foo'] = 123
>>> dict1
{'foo': 123}
(2)键必须是可哈希的 大多数Python对象可以作为键,但它们必须是可哈希的对象。像列表和字典这样的可变类型,由于它们不是可哈希的,所以不能作为键。 示例: #!/usr/bin/env python
db = {}
def newuser():
prompt= 'please regist your name: '
while True:
name = raw_input(prompt)
if db.has_key(name):
prompt = 'name taken,try another: '
continue
else:
break
pwd = raw_input('passswd: ')
db[name] = pwd
print 'Newuser [%s] has added successfully!' %name
def olduser():
name = raw_input('login: ')
pwd = raw_input('passwd: ')
passwd = db.get(name)
if passwd == pwd:
print 'welcome back',name
else:
print 'login incorrect!'
def showmenu():
prompt = """
(N)ew User Login
(E)xisting User Login
(Q)uit
Enter choice: """
while True:
try:
choice = raw_input(prompt).strip()[0].lower()
print 'nYou picked: [%s]' % choice
if choice not in 'neq':
print 'invalid option,please try again'
if choice == 'n':
newuser()
if choice == 'e':
olduser()
if choice == 'q':
break
except(EOFError,KeyboardInterrupt):
print 'invalid option,please try again'
if __name__ == '__main__':
showmenu()
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