Python的string模块中的Template类字符串模板用法
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string.Template() 代码:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import string
template_text = '''''
Delimiter : %%
Replaced : %with_underscore
Ingored : %notunderscored
'''
d = {'with_underscore' : 'replaced','notunderscored' : 'not replaced'}
class MyTemplate(string.Template):
delimiter = '%'
idpattern = '[a-z]+_[a-z]+'
t = MyTemplate(template_text)
print('Modified ID pattern: ')
print(t.safe_substitute(d))
输出: Modified ID pattern: Delimiter : % Replaced : replaced Ingored : %notunderscored 注意: 定界符(delimiter)为"%",替换模式(idpattern)必须包含下划线,所以第2个没有进行替换. 正则替换 string.Template的pattern是一个正则表达式,可以通过覆盖pattern属性,定义新的正则表达式. 代码:
import string
t = string.Template('$var')
print(t.pattern.pattern)
class MyTemplate(string.Template):
delimiter = '{{'
pattern = r'''''
{{(?:
(?P<escaped>{{) | # Escape sequence of two delimiters
(?P<named>[_a-z][_a-z0-9]*)}} | # delimiter and a Python identifier
{(?P<braced>[_a-z][_a-z0-9]*)}}} | # delimiter and a braced identifier
(?P<invalid>) # Other ill-formed delimiter exprs
)
'''
t2 = MyTemplate('''''
{{{{
{{var}}
''')
print('MATCHES: ',t2.pattern.findall(t2.template))
print('SUBSTITUTED: ',t2.safe_substitute(var='replacement'))
输出:
$(?:
(?P<escaped>$) | # Escape sequence of two delimiters
(?P<named>[_a-z][_a-z0-9]*) | # delimiter and a Python identifier
{(?P<braced>[_a-z][_a-z0-9]*)} | # delimiter and a braced identifier
(?P<invalid>) # Other ill-formed delimiter exprs
)
MATCHES: [('{{','',''),('','var','')]
SUBSTITUTED:
{{
replacement
字符串模板的安全替换(safe_substitute) 代码:
import string
values = {'var' : 'foo'}
t = string.Template('''''$var is here but $ missing is not provided! ''')
try:
print 'substitute() : ',t.substitute(values)
except ValueError as err:
print 'Error:',str(err)
print 'safe_substitude() : ',t.safe_substitute(values)
输出: substitute() : Error: Invalid placeholder in string: line 1,col 18 safe_substitude() : foo is here but $ missing is not provided!
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