使用Django Form解决表单数据无法动态刷新的两种方法

发布时间：2020-05-24 13:22:36 所属栏目：Python 来源：互联网

导读：一、无法动态更新数据的实例1.如下，数据库中创建了班级表和教师表，两张表的对应关系为“多对多”

一、无法动态更新数据的实例

1. 如下，数据库中创建了班级表和教师表，两张表的对应关系为“多对多”

from django.db import models
class Classes(models.Model):
  title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
class Teacher(models.Model):
  name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
  t2c = models.ManyToManyField(Classes)

2. views的功能有查看、添加、编辑班级或教师表

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect
from school import models
from django.forms import Form,fields,widgets
#班级表单验证规则
class ClsForm(Form):
  title = fields.RegexField('老男孩',error_messages={'invalid': '请以 老男孩 开头'})
#教师表单验证规则
class TchForm(Form):
  name = fields.CharField(max_length=16,min_length=2,widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}))
  t2c = fields.MultipleChoiceField(
    choices=models.Classes.objects.values_list('id','title'),widget=widgets.SelectMultiple(attrs={'class': 'form-control'})
  )
#查看班级列表
def classes(request):
  cls_list = models.Classes.objects.all()
  return render(request,'classes.html',{'cls_list': cls_list})
#查看教师列表
def teachers(request):
  tch_list = models.Teacher.objects.all()
  return render(request,'teachers.html',{'tch_list': tch_list})
#添加班级
def add_cls(request):
  if request.method == 'GET':
    obj = ClsForm()
    return render(request,'add_classes.html',{'obj': obj})
  else:
    obj = ClsForm(request.POST)
    if obj.is_valid():
      models.Classes.objects.create(**obj.cleaned_data)
      return redirect('/school/classes/')
    return render(request,{'obj': obj})
#添加教师
def add_tch(request):
  if request.method == 'GET':
    obj = TchForm()
    return render(request,'add_teacher.html',{'obj': obj})
  else:
    obj = TchForm(request.POST)
    if obj.is_valid():
      tc = obj.cleaned_data.pop('t2c')  # 获取教师任课班级id
      tch_obj = models.Teacher.objects.create(name=obj.cleaned_data['name']) # 添加新教师姓名
      tch_obj.t2c.add(*tc)  # 添加新教师任课班级
      return redirect('/school/teachers/')
    return render(request,{'obj': obj})
#编辑班级
def edit_cls(request,nid):
  if request.method == 'GET':
    cls = models.Classes.objects.filter(id=nid).first()
    obj = ClsForm(initial={'title': cls.title})
    return render(request,'edit_classes.html',{'nid': nid,'obj': obj})
  else:
    obj = ClsForm(request.POST)
    if obj.is_valid():
      models.Classes.objects.filter(id=nid).update(**obj.cleaned_data)
      return redirect('/school/classes/')
    return render(request,'obj': obj})
#编辑教师
def edit_tch(request,nid):
  if request.method == 'GET':
    tch = models.Teacher.objects.filter(id=nid).first()
    v = tch.t2c.values_list('id')  # 获取该教师任课班级的id
    cls_ids = list(zip(*v))[0] if list(zip(*v)) else []   # 格式化为列表类型
    obj = TchForm(initial={'name': tch.name,'t2c': cls_ids})
    return render(request,'edit_teacher.html','obj': obj})
  else:
    obj = TchForm(request.POST)
    if obj.is_valid():
      tc = obj.cleaned_data.pop('t2c')  # 获取修改后的任课班级id
      # models.Teacher.objects.filter(id=nid).update(name=obj.cleaned_data['name'])   # 更新教师姓名方法1
      tch_obj = models.Teacher.objects.filter(id=nid).first()
      tch_obj.name = obj.cleaned_data['name']   # 更新教师姓名方法2
      tch_obj.save()
      tch_obj.t2c.set(tc)
      return redirect('/school/teachers/')
    return render(request,'obj': obj})

3. html文件

classe：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>班级列表</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 700px; margin: 30px auto">
  <a class="btn btn-default" href="/school/add_cls/" rel="external nofollow" style="margin-bottom: 10px">添加班级</a>
    <table class="table table-hover" border="1" cellspacing="0">
      <thead>
      <tr>
        <th>ID</th>
        <th>班级</th>
        <th>操作</th>
      </tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
        {% for item in cls_list %}
          <tr>
            <td>{{ item.id }}</td>
            <td>{{ item.title }}</td>
            <td><a href="/school/edit_cls/{{ item.id }}" rel="external nofollow" >编辑</a></td>
          </tr>
        {% endfor %}
      </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>添加班级</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>添加班级</h1>
<form action="/school/add_cls/" method="post">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <p>
    {{ obj.title }} {{ obj.errors.title.0 }}
  </p>
  <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>编辑班级</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>编辑班级</h1>
<form action="/school/edit_cls/{{ nid }}" method="post">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <p>
    {{ obj.title }} {{ obj.errors.title.0 }}
  </p>
  <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

teachers：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>教师列表</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 700px; margin: 30px auto">
  <a class="btn btn-default" href="/school/add_tch/" rel="external nofollow" style="margin-bottom: 10px">添加教师</a>
    <table class="table table-hover" border="1" cellspacing="0">
      <thead>
      <tr>
        <th>ID</th>
        <th>姓名</th>
        <th>任教班级</th>
        <th>操作</th>
      </tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
        {% for item in tch_list %}
          <tr>
            <td>{{ item.id }}</td>
            <td>{{ item.name }}</td>
            <td>
              {% for row in item.t2c.all %}
                <span style="border: solid gray 1px">{{ row.title }}</span>
              {% endfor %}
            </td>
            <td><a href="/school/edit_tch/{{ item.id }}" rel="external nofollow" >编辑</a></td>
          </tr>
        {% endfor %}
      </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>添加教师</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 500px; margin: 20px auto">
<h3 style="width: 100px; margin: 10px auto">添加教师</h3>
  <form class="form-horizontal" action="/school/add_tch/" method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
 <div class="form-group">
  <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">姓名</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
   {{ obj.name }} {{ obj.errors.name.0 }}
  </div>
 </div>
 <div class="form-group">
  <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">班级</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
      {{ obj.t2c }} {{ obj.errors.t2c.0 }}
  </div>
 </div>
 <div class="form-group">
  <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
   <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default" value="提交"></input>
  </div>
 </div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>编辑教师</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 500px; margin: 20px auto">
<h3 style="width: 100px; margin: 10px auto">编辑教师</h3>
  <form class="form-horizontal" action="/school/edit_tch/{{ nid }}" method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
 <div class="form-group">
  <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">姓名</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
   {{ obj.name }} {{ obj.errors.name.0 }}
  </div>
 </div>
 <div class="form-group">
  <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">班级</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
      {{ obj.t2c }} {{ obj.errors.t2c.0 }}
  </div>
 </div>
 <div class="form-group">
  <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
   <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default" value="提交"></input>
  </div>
 </div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

4. 数据不能同步

（编辑：安卓应用网）

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